In 2015, U.S. homeowners spent $221 billion on home improvement, maintenance and repairs, according to a report released Wednesday by the Harvard University’s Joint Center for Housing Studies (JCHS). The center estimates 2020 spending to reach $243 billion.

Including spending by rental property owners, JCHS reported total 2015 spending of $340 billion, and estimates 2016 spending totaled $361 billion, a 6% increase.

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